Researchers reveal stable isotope variation during below-cloud evaporation

Below-cloud evaporation is the evaporation of raindrops under unsaturated water vapor pressure and from cloud base to the ground during precipitation, leading to variability in the ratio of stable isotopes in rainfall. It can affect local small-scale rainfall events. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the evolution mechanism of stable isotopes in arid and semi-arid areas under below-cloud evaporation.